Whitepapers

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  April 21, 2020

  When Cash is Not Cash and Why

  

  Investors, other analysts, and management often rely on cash flows reported in the financials as a foundation of performance analysis and valuation. Unfortunately, those cash flows are not what they appear to be.

  Many use the statement of cash flows (such as “cash flows from operations”) for judging earnings quality, measuring performance, and as key elements of discounted cash flow analysis. The cash flows reported from operations, however, are not truly from operations. Cash flows for financing do not accurately report the company’s financing activities. Cash flows reported for investing simply are not what the financials would purport....

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  April 21, 2020

  How to Calculate Uniform Return on Assets (ROA)

  

  Arcane Accounting Mathematics: Destroying Valuations and Shareholder Wealth

  Traditional financial analysis metrics tend to muddle our insight on the intrinsic value of a company. Rather than focusing on the ability of a company to create value, which is the primary goal of the intermediate to long-term investor, these metrics lead the investors to focus on activities that do not necessarily contribute to the creation of shareholder wealth....

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  April 21, 2020

  The Difference Between a Great Company and a Great Stock

  

  In mid-1998, Coca-Cola’s (KO:USA) stock price traded at a high of about $88 per share. Almost eight years later, the firm’s stock price stood at half that mark: $44. Did the company lose their incredible competitive advantages?

  Around the same time, an incredible stock price run was taking shape. A major discount retailer watched as its stock price soared more than tenfold from 1996 to 2000. It wasn’t Wal-Mart, Best Buy, or some other popular store. It was AMES Department Store, which was bankrupt by 2002....

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  April 16, 2020

  Good versus Bad Free Cash Flows

  

  Home Depot (HD:USA) was a darling of the investing public from 1985 until 2001, with returns in excess of 20x the market over that period. In the era of the tech market and the internet boom, a home improvement retailer was one of the best performing stocks for a 16-year period....

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  September 8, 2016

  R&D Is an Investment, Not an Expense – How capitalizing R&D impacts understanding corporate profitability

  

  The problem with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) is that they create inconsistencies when comparing one company to another, and can distort a company’s true historical profitability. By making adjustments, we aim to remove the financial statement distortions and miscategorizations of GAAP. In this article we will discuss why we capitalize R&D in order to see a clearer, more accurate picture of a company’s historical profitability....

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  April 22, 2016

  The Dark Side of M&A

  

  • 70+ were in attendance at the New York Society of Securities Analysts panel, discussing the serious problems with mergers and acquisitions (M&A) reporting
  • It’s not just problems with goodwill. Under GAAP, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, M&A accounting mixes apples and oranges throughout the financial statements, e.g. AT&T/Direct TV, Becton Dickinson/CareFusion, and Dollar Tree/Family Dollar
  • Parent company assets are held at book value while many acquired assets are restated significantly to “fair value.” This means the parent’s assets continue to depreciate from historical book values, while the acquired assets come on the books at “new,” usually lower, fair values...

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  January 22, 2016

  Of 2016 Forecasts, Opinions, and Advice

  

  Two simple yet interesting questions were posed recently at two Valens events. The first question, from our company Christmas party, is the type of simple query that can cause you to think very philosophically about life. The second question, from the recent APEC forum, is a loaded one about stock market forecasts. At some level, the two questions are related, and both provide ideas to contemplate for the coming year....

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  October 30, 2015

  Failing to capitalize R&D creates havoc in accurately measuring profitability across time, across companies, and across many different industries.

  

  Under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), expensing R&D in the year spent is required. For many firms, this leads to extensive volatility in profit and return calculations, and to an inadequate measure of assets or invested capital. This doubly impacts return on asset calculations, and not consistently so, thereby creating wildly different calculations of economic profit....

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